Infuse This!

I just did something that many people would find odd.

I took a half dozen ripe pears, cut blemishes off the skin, cored them, cut them into eighths, and put them into a large, sealable, glass jar. I then added two split (lengthwise) vanilla beans, and poured 1.5 L of nigori sake into the jar. Then I put the jar in the fridge.

Of course, this won't seem odd if you recognize this process as infusion.

Tommorow night, I'll take the jar out of the fridge, discard the fruit and vanilla beans, and filter the liquid through a sieve at least 3 or 4 times (to remove flecks of vanilla and excess pear pulp). The result? Pear and vanilla infused sake, which is an absolutely delicious infusion of my devising, inspired by Chambar's cocktail, Tin-Tin and the Easter Pear (sadly, no longer on their menu--but replaced by another excellent sake drink featuring cinnamon and passionfruit nectar).

Infusing spirits is a suprisingly easy--and fun--way to flavor your drinks (to say nothing of impressive). While I hadn't expected it, the two most popular drinks at my last party, the French Pearl and the Bloody Susan, were both cocktails I'd created based on my infusion experiments last summer (one is the sake infusion described above, the other is Strawberry and cherry infused brandy). Our dear friend Kate even treated me to the exclamation, "Oh my god, this is the best drink I've ever had!" when she tried one (I can't remember which); followed by, half an hour later, "I take it back! This is the best drink I've ever had!" when she tried the other.

So, what do you need to know about infusions, if you had an hankering to try one?

First, the usual spirit to infuse is, naturally, vodka. It serves as a veritable blank canvas upon which any flavor you desire may be painted. I have, myself, refrained from vodka infusions (though I will start soon) because I've enjoyed trying to complement the natural flavors of other spirits. But if you really just want the flavor of whatever it is you're infusing with, go with vodka.
Next, you'll need a sterilized (or, at least, thoroughly rinsed with boiled water) glass jar of some kind. This needs to be at least 1 L (just shy of 34 oz; so you can fit a bottle of liquor plus the infusion ingredients), and have an airtight lid. Ideally, it would have a rubber ring (to make it airtight) on a glass or metal lid--paper on the lid may dissolve somewhat (and 'shed' into the drink) and direct contact with a metal lid will flavor the infusion adversely.

Make sure your fruits, spices, teas, or whatever you're infusing with are fresh, and free of blemishes. Anything bitter or bad-tasting (such as a bruise or the white pith of a citrus fruit) will transfer its flavor to the alcohol, so you're best to avoid it.

Cut up or otherwise manipulate your ingredients to maximize their surface area, so they transfer more of their flavor to the spirit. Dropping a whole apple into a litre of vodka isn't going to do you much good.

Combine all the ingredients in the jar, and store your infusion in a cool, dark place. I use the fridge.

As for how long to infuse for, that depends on both your tastes, and what you're infusing. Most liquors (anything 40 proof or more) should be infused for anywhere from several days to two weeks. Two weeks is about the maximum, but you should taste your infusion-in-progress from time to time, and feel free to be done with it as soon as you're happy with how it tastes. With liquor infusions you don't really need to worry about the fruit (or whatever) going bad, as the alcohol will preserve it. If you're infusing sake (or anything under about 40 proof), you don't want to let it go much over two days, as the ingredients will start to ferment. Again, the final judge of how long to let it go is how it tastes at any given time, so don't be afraid to try it out.

Finally, you'll want to filter the final result. Fruit and other ingredients will leave some residue that you don't actually want to drink, so use a sieve, or something similar, to filter it (generally back into the bottle the liquor for your infusion came in). I use a funnel and mesh filter intended for decanting wine (you can get them at, for example, Zabar's for under $10).

In my humble opinion (as if you couldn't guess from the rest of this blog), your infusion will be best enjoyed in a cocktail of some kind. So unless you're adding a new flavor to an already beloved cocktail (or straight liquor!), go ahead and try out your new infusion with other ingredients to make something truly original. I promise there are lots of amazing drinks out there that have never been tried... (but do look for an upcoming post on the vagaries of experimental mixology...).

__________________________________________________________


Pear and Vanilla Infused Sake

1 bottle (750 mL) nigori (unfiltered) sake
3 pears, cut into eighths
1 vanilla been, split lengthwise
Infuse for approximately 30 hours


Strawberry and Cherry Infused Brandy

1 bottle (750 mL) Brandy
2 cups sliced strawberries
1 cup cherries, quartered and pitted (if cherries are out of season, you can substite another cup of strawberries)
2 cracked whole nutmegs
Infuse for 5-6 days

__________________________________________________________


French Pearl

A delightfully smooth cocktail, with subtle flavors of pear, vanilla, and blackcurrant.

Shake the following over ice, and serve in a cocktail glass
3 oz. vanilla and pear infused sake
1/2 oz. creme de cassis


Bloody Susan

The first question anyone asks when I tell about this drink is, "who's Susan?" Although not named after anyone in particular, this cocktail bears a considerable resemblance to sangria--though it packs a bit more punch.

Shake the following over ice, and serve in a cocktail glass:
1 1/2 oz. strawberry and cherry infused brandy
1/4 oz. lime juice
1/4 oz. lemon juice
1/4 oz. grenadine
3/4 oz. red wine (I use a cheap shiraz)

Optional garnish:
1 or 2 cherries in syrup

On Vodka: Addendum

I asked my friend Amanda, a long-time lover of vodka (and of Russian descent, no less), what her favorite vodkas were when she commented on my On Vodka post. Here's her response:

"There's sort of a different vodka for every season and reason. In winter I prefer the stronger, warming vodkas, even chili vodkas at times while summer lends itself well to subtle or fruity vodkas. With a strong mix over ice it is texture and tempurature that matter, cheap vodkas from the deep freeze versus the regular freezer. Currently Iceberg or Banff Ice for sipping, Luskovska for gentle drinks and Muskovskaya for harder moments. The best most bars tend to have is Stolichnaya, which is nice in a vodka-7. Smirnoff and Absolut are vodkas of last resort, I'll drink them only if the liquor store is already closed [note: where Amanda lives (Vancouver, Canada), liquor stores close at 11pm, making it impossible to legally obtain alcohol outside of a bar or restaurant].

Currently at hand a recipe of my own device:
Hard Amaretto Sours
1 oz. vodka
1 oz. amaretto
1 oz. lemonade

I've been using a Luskovska for this recently, the colder the better. Poured over ice and stir. I tend to use a strong vodka for this or it gets a little dangerous - with a Chopin or Iceberg its just like a really tasty lemonade. "

For the Love of Bourbon

Admittedly, I'm a latecomer to loving bourbon. For the longest time the only whiskey I didn't turn my nose up at was single malt scotch. But once I tried it, I fell in love.

To be fair, though, I don't typically drink bourbon (or, indeed, most liquor) neat, although I make an exception for Bulleit Bourbon. I was given a bottle as a gift recently, and quickly discovered that it can compete with any scotch in its price range. For mixing drinks, I generally use Knob Creek or Maker's Mark, rather than going with something cheaper like Jim Beam. Indeed, bourbon is probably the liquor I spend the most on...though I suspect that has something to do with how much of it my wife drinks.

My two favorite ways to drink bourbon are in a Bourbon à la Crème or a Churchill Downs Cooler (see Mixology 101). The former when I'm in the mood for a poignant cocktail, the latter when I want something refreshing and carbonated. Along similar lines as the Churchill Downs Cooler is the slightly more labour intensive John Collins, which allows the flavor of the bourbon to come through more. And I would be remiss if I didn't tell you that easily the most popular drink at my last cocktail party--excepting, of course, two of my own cocktails based on my own homemade infusions (you'll have to stay tuned for those recipes...)--was the Bourban Crusta.

__________________________________________________________

Bourbon à la Crème

This is one cocktail that definately requires the use of a premium liquor--the taste of the bourbon comes through in its entirety, sweetened with overtones of chocolate and a vanilla perfume.

Shake the following over ice, and pour into a cocktail glass:
2 oz. Bourbon
1 oz. crème de cacao
1-2 dashes vanilla extract (careful, too much will ruin the drink)


John Collins

A refreshing classic of the Collins line, I would warn against leaving out more than one of the garnishes.

Shake the following over ice:
2 oz. bourbon
1 oz. lemon juice
1/2 oz. simple syrup

Prepare a Collins or highball glass by half filling it with ice, and adding the following garnishes:
1 maraschino cherry
1 lemon slice
1 orange slice

Pour the shaken ingredients into the glass, and top with:
5-6 oz. club soda

Stir


Bourbon Crusta

Don't be fooled by the sugared rim--this drink is not sweet. The lemon and Cointreau provide a perfect vehicle for the premium bourbon of your choice, while the sugar rim keeps it all from being too sour. Apparently there's a recipe that uses maraschino liqueur in place of the Cointreau, but I don't like it nearly as much.

Coat the bottom of a bowl or other dish with superfine sugar. Rub a lemon wedge around the rim of a sour glass or goblet (NOT a cocktail glass), and rub the rim of the glass in the sugar. Shake off any excess sugar on the rim of the glass.

Shake the following over ice, and pour into the prepared glass:
2 oz. bourbon
1/2 oz. Cointreau
1/2 oz. lemon juice

Optional:
Garnish with a lemon twist

On Vodka

Having been asked to recommend a vodka drink for a newcomer to mixology (see Comments on the Introduction thread), I've spent the last couple of days reacquainting myself with Russia's fine contribution to the world's selection of libations.

While I'm by no means a vodka connoisseur (I never drink it straight, and have never compared vodka martini's made with different brands to determine which most suits my palate), the near flavorlessness of vodka makes it the perfect neutral canvas from which to start any cocktail (or infusion). The primary contribution of vodka to a drink is in texture (and, of course alcohol), and for this reason it's important to keep vodka in the freezer so that it takes on its characteristic viscosity.

In searching for a good, straightforward, and not too sweet recommendation for a first-time vodka cocktail, I was shocked to be unable to find any kind of vodka Collins (there are Collins' made with gin, rum, various whiskeys, and so on). So I invented one, which in keeping with the Collins naming tradition I've decided to call the Vladimir Collins. This is definately the drink I would recommend if you're looking for a vodka cocktail that's not too sweet, or fruity.

I was also inspired to create another excellent vodka-based cocktail last night, when my lovely wife (see her blog here) requested that I use some of the blood oranges we've had sitting around for the last few days to make something to go with our dinner. The result is based loosely on the Bay Breeze, and so I've called it the Mediterranean Breeze. Both are essentially fruit-juice drinks spiked with vodka (in the manner of a Screwdriver or Grayhound).

Another favorite is the French Martini, and fortunately it's a drink that some bartenders actually know how to make, so it's one of the few of my favorites that I can actually have when I'm out. If you're not familiar with Chambord, it's a raspberry flavored liqueur, and it complements the pineapple juice in the french martini perfectly.

Finally, I have to admit that the near-ubiquitous Cosmopolitan thoroughly deserves its considerable popularity...but I much prefer the tart, citrus-y Original Cosmopolitan to the cranberry-laden version that everyone seems to drink these days. To my mind, a cosmo should be blush, not red. A similar drink is the Lemon Drop, which essentially substitutes the Cosmo's lemon for lime, and orange for cranberry.

__________________________________________________________

Vladimir Collins

Based on the tried and true combination of citrus, simple syrup or sugar, and club soda that characterizes all of the Collins', the use of vodka in the Vlad Collins lets these simple flavors stand on their own, which they do admirably. While the garnishes can be ommited if you don't have them, the slight perfume of lemon and maraschino subtly adds another layer of flavor to the drink.

Shake the following over ice:
2 oz. vodka
1 oz. lime juice
1/2 oz. simple syrup

Prepare a Collins or highball glass by half filling it with ice, and adding the following garnishes:
1 maraschino cherry
1 lemon slice

Pour the shaken ingredients into the glass, and top with:
3 oz. club soda

Stir


Bay Breeze

Not to be confused with the rum version, which basically just has the opposite proportions of cranberry and pineapple juice.

Pour the following into a highball glass filled with ice:
1 1/2 oz. vodka
1 oz. cranberry juice
4 oz. pineapple juice


Mediterranean Breeze

A blood orange-based modification of the Bay Breeze.

Pour the following into a lowball glass filled with ice:
2 oz. vodka
2-3 oz. blood orange juice
1 oz. pineapple juice


French Martini

A true classic.

Shake the following over ice, and serve in a cocktail glass:
1 1/2 oz. vodka
1/2 oz. Chambord
1 oz. pineapple juice

Optional garnish:
Lemon twist


Original Cosmopolitan

Even if you don't think you like Cosmo's, this is worth a try. It's very different from what you probably had before.

Shake the following over ice, and serve in a cocktail glass:
1 1/2 oz. vodka or citron vodka
1 1/2 oz. Cointreau
1 oz. fresh lime juice
1 to 2 dashes cranberry juice (and no more!)

Optional garnish:
Lemon twist


Lemon Drop

Coat the bottom of a bowl or other dish with superfine sugar. Rub a lemon wedge around the rim of the glass, and rub the rim of the glass in the sugar. Shake off any excess sugar on the rim of the glass.

Shake the following over ice, and pour into the prepared glass:
1 1/2 oz. vodka or lemon-flavoured vodka
1 oz. Grand Marnier (or Cointreau)
1 1/2 oz. fresh lemon juice
1/2 oz. orange juice

Optional garnish:
Lemon twist

__________________________________________________________
So what the heck is this lemon twist thing?

It's simple--just a strip of lemon peel that you twist over the glass (so the oils that spray out of the peel when it's twisted coat the top of the drink), gently rub around the rim of the glass, and drop in. It provides a faint lemon perfume to the drink.

Tools of the Trade: Part 1, The Basics

Having just unpacked a brand-new 10 piece bar set from HomeWetBar (ok, most of their stuff is incredibly cheesy...this particular set happened to be a cheap way to get a boston shaker and an ice bucket), now seems like a perfect time to start discussing bar tools; that is, what they're called, what they're for, and which ones you actually need. There's too many to try and list in one post, so I'll just cover the basics for now and come back to the others later.

If you need to pick up some tools, I would highly recommend www.barproducts.com. If you can get past the absolutely awful website design (black background, neon text), everything I've ordered from them has been of reasonable quality and is incredibly cheap. At $1.95 for a jigger that costs $8 at a store, it's worth paying the shipping fees to order a few things. Also, for those of you who are in New York, the upstairs portion of Zabars has most of what you'll need at reasonable prices.


Jiggers

The jigger is an indispensable member of your home bar. The classic double-jigger allows you to measure your drinks quickly and efficiently. They typically have a 1 1/2 oz. jig and a 1 oz. pony, you can get them in a variety of sizes. I use two jiggers myself--one with a 1 1/2 oz jig and a 3/4 oz. pony and the other with a 1 oz. jig and a 1/2 oz. pony. This means I can measure anything from 1/2 oz. to 3 oz. with no more than 2 pours. Jiggers frequently come with a handle--though I can't for the life of me figure out why...my impression is the handle would just get in the way.

"What's wrong with my shotglass," you ask? Well, nothing, really. But a metal double-jigger does have a couple of advantages. First, shotglasses frequently aren't an exact measurement, and even when they are they only provide one measure rather than two. True, some shotglasses are really glass jiggers, with lines demarking two or three different measurements (I have one with 1/2, 1, and 1 1/2 oz. measures), but once you've used a double-jigger you'll realize that it's actually much simpler to pour to the top of a receptacle than it is to pour to a drawn line.

I don't mind admitting that, particularly if someone's watching you, the sexiest way to pour is to hold the jigger over the glass (or shaker), pour until the liquid almost reaches the top of the jigger, then dump the contents of the jigger at the same time as you let a little more liquor pour from the bottle into the glass. If you watch those few bartenders who actually measure their drinks, you'll see this in action.


Cocktail Shaker

You can not mix most drinks without a shaker, although the Boston shaker is a worthy alternative. While some drinks are stirred rather than shaken, you can't have any kind of home bar without a shaker of some sort. The classic 3-part shaker is convenient with its built-in strainer, although the parts of poorly designed ones sometimes get stuck together (I once owned one that frequently required pliers to remove the lid). I would also recommend a very small, single-drink size, shaker that saves on ice and cleaning when you're just making one drink (three large ice cubes suffice).


Boston Shaker

Consisting of a metal cup and a mixing glass that fit together to produce a watertight mixer, the Boston shaker is the mainstay of bartenders the world round. Although it 'requires' the addition of a hawthorn or julep strainer to keep the ice out of your drink (though a practiced bartender can easily just crack the seal enough to pour the drink and not the ice), it is easier to clean than the standard shaker. The mixing glass portion is also useful for making drinks that should be stirred, not shaken (whatever Bond, James Bond may have had to say to the contrary, most gin drinks should be stirred to avoid bruising the gin).


Hawthorn Strainer

The spring coil (it can be removed for cleaning) allows hawthorn strainers to fit a wide variety of mixing glasses, which is their main advantage over julep strainers (which serve the same purpose, so I won't discuss them). They come with between zero and four 'tabs'--I can't work out what the tabs are for, so I think the difference is simply asthetic. I'd highly recommend getting one of these, if only because it makes you look like a pro when you use one to pour a drink.


Citrus Juicer

These come in handheld, countertop, and electric varieties, and in so many shapes there's little point in my showing you a picture. As long as you realize you need some kind of efficient means of juicing lemons and limes, you're good. The electric ones are useful if you're making drinks for a large number of guests (though you can get by without), and I suspect the handheld ones tend to be more sweat and blood than they're worth.

Mixology 101

Before getting any further into this mixological adventure I hope you'll follow me on, you should be warned that there are some ground rules.

Almost certainly, many an exploratory cocktail excursion has ended with the words "that's disgusting!" and a returned, or poured out, drink. Indeed, most of the times I've ordered a drink that doesn't have the ingredients in the title (e.g., rum and coke, gin and tonic) at a bar, the result doesn't even approach the quality I can achieve at home.

Why?

The answer is deceptively simple, and yet nearly impossible to achieve at your average bar.

The three most important rules when making a cocktail are:

1) Measure your ingredients.

Seriously. Knowing the ingredients of a drink may be a moiety of the knowledge required to make the drink, but it's incredibly easy to botch a drink entirely if you don't know the proportions. While it's true that the proportions of most drinks that consist only of a base and a modifier (i.e., any drink that consists of a liquor and a single mixer) are eminently fudgeable, more complicated drinks can be utterly destroyed by misproportioning.

A perfect example is the Churchill Downs Cooler, a refreshing race track classic that--even when given the exact proportions--most bartenders have proven totally incapable of reproducing. Why? They don't measure the ingredients. No matter how good you are, it's incredibly difficult to free pour a half ounce of anything, and more than that amount of triple sec will turn pretty much any drink into a sickly-sweet mess of fake-tasting orange flavour. So unless you're experimenting with proportions on a new cocktail of your own making (and even then you should measure so you know what you did!), stick to the recipe.

2) Use fresh citrus juices.

At least for lemon and lime. And at least for your first time trying a drink. I can't adequately express my horror when I ask at a bar if they have lime juice (and am answered in the affirmative), and end up with lime cordial or Rose's lime juice instead.

If you can get your hands on an unsweetened bottled lemon or lime juice, you might be able to get away with that, but I haven't bothered trying myself. It's well worth juicing a half or full lemon or lime to get the 1/2 or 1 oz. of juice many recipes call for. Orange, cranberry, pineapple, and grapefruit juices are usually fine out of a tetra pak, but you just can't beat a freshly squeezed lemon or lime. So before you decide that the Gina I recommended you try in my last post is lousy, make it with a fresh lemon.

3) Use plenty of ice.

Cocktails must be cold. This is something that bars don't get wrong, but I frequently see people at home trying to fudge it. Unless you're drinking red wine, or brandy, single malt, or other fine liquor neat, a drink needs to be cold. In addition, cocktails that call for shaking (which is most of them) rely on the ice shards that end up in the drink after being vigorously shaken with ice.

So when you're shaking a drink, fill your shaker with ice (yes, to the top, or at least very nearly), and pour all of the ingredients over the ice. Then shake your shaker vigorously until it becomes almost too cold to hold (or just the metal half if you're using a Boston shaker). Water should condense on the outside surface of the shaker before you're done.

__________________________________________________________

A perfect illustration of these principles occurred when I attempted to order an Acapulco at a Lower East Side bar last month. This drink had become a favorite at home during a time when all I had at home was a full bottle of Bacardi Superior (an inexpensive light rum) and a quarter bottle of Cointreau. I foolishly tried to get an average Manhattan bartender to make it for me....

After getting the bartenders attention, I gave her an inquisitive look and motioned for her to come closer. "Do you have simple syrup?" I asked.
"What?" she replied. I should've known to go with something simple right then, but foolishly I ventured on.
"Simple syrup," I said, louder.
"No."
"Sugar, then?"
"Oh, yes."
"Lime juice?"
"Of course."

So, having ascertained that they had approximately the ingredients I required, I went on to describe how to make the drink.

The result was the single most disgusting thing I've ever paid any fraction of $11 for. And as you can probably guess, I paid all of $11 for it.

Why was it so awful? The bartender in question violated every one of the above rules. The lime juice they "of course" had was in fact lime cordial, she didn't measure any of it (in particular the sugar--the result was sickeningly sweet), and when she handed me the drink it wasn't nearly cold enough.

So the lesson? Stick to the recipe, shake well, use the correct ingredients (admittedly, I was responsible for the use of sugar in place of simple syrup), and...

...don't try to order complicated drinks at a bar.

__________________________________________________________

Churchill Downs Cooler

A race track classic, the recipe I have seems to be totally different from the most common one seen online (which involves crème de banane and pineapple juice). I haven't tried the other version, but the recipe I present here will appeal to anyone who enjoys a refreshing, carbonated drink of any sort.

Pour into a highball glass filled with ice:
1 1/2 oz. Kentucky bourbon
1 oz. brandy
1/2 oz. triple sec (or Cointreau)
4 oz. ginger ale
Stir.


Acapulco

Given the name and the ingredients of this drink, I'm assuming this is one of the many cocktails invented in the Caribbean to make rum more palatable.

Shake the following over ice, and pour into a cocktail glass:
1 1/2 oz. light rum
1/2 oz. Cointreau
1/2 oz. lime juice
1/2 oz. simple syrup

Optional (either, or both):
Include 1 egg white with the above
Garnish with a fresh mint sprig

__________________________________________________________
So what the hell is simple syrup?

Simple syrup is called for in quite a few cocktail recipes. It's incredibly simple (and cheap!) to make, and it's used in place of sugar in many drinks because it mixes better. I would highly recommend saving the next liquor bottle you finish off, making a batch of simple syrup, and pouring it in. Just keep it in your fridge, and it'll easily last for at least a month.

In a small saucepan, bring to boil:
1 cup water

Remove from heat, and add:
2 cups sugar

Stir until sugar is totally dissolved
Let sit until room temperature
Refrigerate

An Introduction

...for me, to blogging. For you, to drinking. Well...to my drinking, anyway.

Don't worry, this is not to be a forum for the self-indulgent retelling of my most recent exploits at the bar. Nor is it to be a set of elitist reviews of wines and liquors you can't possibly afford, and may not even appreciate.

Rather, my aim is to garner interest in the reemerging art of mixology. There is no beverage I enjoy more than a well-made cocktail, and it has frequently struck me that even the most avid drinkers of my generation (bartenders included!) typically lack even the most rudimentary cocktailing skills.

Nonetheless, I feel a mixological renaissance coming, as evinced by the existence of publications such as Imbibe, and the occasionally superlative cocktail menu you might find at a bar or restaurant (such as New York's Temple Bar or my hometown's Chambar), and so I feel duty-bound to promulgate mixological know-how* to this nascent cohort of cocktail aficionados.

So, set aside your gin and tonic and pick up a Gina. Put down your vodka martini and try a White Spider. Add an ounce of amaretto to your scotch on the rocks, and make it a Godfather.

__________________________________________________________

Gina

A variation on (and, in my humble opinion, an unqualified improvement on) the classic Prohibition highball, the Gin Fizz.

Shake the following over ice:
2 oz. gin
1 oz. lemon juice
1/2 oz. crème de cassis
1 teaspoon sugar

Pour the above into a highball glass half filled with ice. Then add:
2-3 oz. club soda

Stir.


White Spider

Essentially a vodka martini, but with peppermint schnapps or crème de menthe in place of the usual vermouth.

Shake the following over ice:
2 oz. vodka
3/4 oz. peppermint schnapps (or white crème de menthe)

Pour into a chilled cocktail glass, or a lowball glass half filled with crushed ice.
Garnish with a mint sprig.


Godfather

A new personal favourite, amaretto adds the perfect compliment to your mid-range whiskey.

Shake the following over ice:
2 oz. scotch or bourbon
1 oz. amaretto

Pour into a lowball glass half filled with ice.

__________________________________________________________

*As an academic, I must give credit where credit is due. I would be almost hopelessly in the dark when it comes to cocktails were it not for:

Hellmich, Mittie (2006). Ultimate Bar Book: The Comprehensive Guide to Over 1,000 Cocktails. Chronicle Books: San Francisco.